<40 (<2.2): 17 g
Blood Sugar mg/dl
(mmol/l)
Weight : 101-160 (48-76)
80s (4.4, 5): 9 g
70s (3.9, 4.3): 11 g
60s (3.3, 3.8): 14 g
50s (2.8, 3.2): 16 g
40s (2.2, 2.7) : 19 g
<40 (<2.2): 21 g
Blood Sugar mg/dl
(mmol/l)
Weight : 161-220 (77-105)
80s (4.4, 5): 12 g
70s (3.9, 4.3): 15 g
60s (3.3, 3.8): 18 g
50s (2.8, 3.2): 22 g
40s (2.2, 2.7) : 25 g
<40 (<2.2): 28 g
Blood Sugar mg/dl
(mmol/l)
Weight : >220 (>105)
80s (4.4, 5): 18 g
70s (3.9, 4.3): 22 g
60s (3.3, 3.8): 28 g
50s (2.8, 3.2): 32 g
40s (2.2, 2.7) : 38 g
<40 (<2.2): 42 g
Table 9-3. Summary of After-Meal Blood Sugar Targets
Group/Age: Adults taking mealtime insulin
Postmeal Goal: <180 mg/dl (10 mmol/l)
Group/Age: Adolescents with type 1
Postmeal Goal: <200 mg/dl (11 mmol/l)
Group/Age: School-age children with type 1
Postmeal Goal: <225 mg/dl (12.5 mmol/l)
Group/Age: Preschoolers and toddlers with type 1
Postmeal Goal: <250 mg/dl (14 mmol/l)
Group/Age: During pregnancy
Postmeal Goal: <140 mg/dl (8 mmol/l)
Group/Age: Type 2s taking basal insulin only
Postmeal Goal: <160 mg/dl (9 mmol/l)
Table 9-4. Examples of Ways to Substitute Low-GI for High-GI Foods
Meal: Breakfast
High-GI Choices: • typical cereal
High-GI Choices: • bagel
High-GI Choices: • toast
High-GI Choices: • waffles
High-GI Choices: • pancakes
High-GI Choices: • corn muffins
High-GI Choices: • juice
High-GI Choices: • breakfast bars
Lower-GI Choices: • high-fiber cereal
Lower-GI Choices: • oatmeal
Lower-GI Choices: • yogurt
Lower-GI Choices: • whole fruit
Lower-GI Choices: • milk
Lower-GI Choices: • bran muffin
Lower-GI Choices: • full-fat granola
Lower-GI Choices: • nuts
Meal: Lunch
High-GI Choices: • sandwiches on white bread
High-GI Choices: • or rolls
High-GI Choices: • French fries
High-GI Choices: • tortillas
High-GI Choices: • canned pasta
High-GI Choices: • most microwave meals
Lower-GI Choices: • chili
Lower-GI Choices: • rye, pumpernickel, or sourdough bread
Lower-GI Choices: • corn
Lower-GI Choices: • carrots
Lower-GI Choices: • salad vegetables
Meal: Dinner
High-GI Choices: • rice
High-GI Choices: • couscous
High-GI Choices: • rolls
High-GI Choices: • white potato
High-GI Choices: • canned vegetables
Lower-GI Choices: • sweet potato
Lower-GI Choices: • pasta
Lower-GI Choices: • beans
Lower-GI Choices: • peas or lentils
Lower-GI Choices: • fresh steamed vegetables
Meal: Snacks
High-GI Choices: • pretzels
High-GI Choices: • chips
High-GI Choices: • crackers
High-GI Choices: • cake
High-GI Choices: • cookies
Lower-GI Choices: • popcorn
Lower-GI Choices: • fruit
Lower-GI Choices: • chocolate
Lower-GI Choices: • ice cream
Lower-GI Choices: • nuts
Manufacturer
Ascensia
Ascensia
Labstyle Innovations
Roche
Ascensia
Ascensia
Ascensia
Abbott
Roche
Roche
Livongo Health
Abbott
AgaMatrix
AgaMatrix
Abbott
Roche
Arkray
Lifescan
Arkray
Roche
Acon Labs
AgaMatrix
Arkray
Nova Biomedical
AgaMatrix
Lifescan
Lifescan
Bayer/Ascensia
Alternate Site (Arm) Checking
Abbott
Roche
Roche
AgaMatrix
Talking Meters
Omnis Health
Prodigy Diabetes Care
Diabetic Supply of Suncoast
Meter Brand(s)
Contour Next Link*
Contour Next*
Dario*
Accu-Chek Mobile**
Contour Next One*
Contour Next EZ*
Freestyle Lite*
Accu-Chek Guide*
Accu-Chek Nano*
Livongo*
Freestyle Freedom Lite*
Wavesense Presto, Target Up & Up, Kroger Basic, CVS Basic*
iBG Star*
Freestyle Insulinx*
Accu-Chek Compact Plus*
Reli-On Prime*
One Touch Verio, Verio Flex*
Reli-On Micro*
Accu-Chek Aviva Plus* Accu-Chek Connect* Accu-Chek Expert *
On Call Express*
BG Star**
Reli-On Confirm*
Nova Max, NovaMax Plus, Nova Max Link*
Wavesense Jazz, GoodSense Premium, Kroger Premium, Target Premium**
One Touch Verio Pro**
One Touch Ultra, One Touch Ultra Mini*
Contour**
Freestyle Lite*
Accu-Chek Guide*
Accu-Chek Aviva Plus*
iBG Star*
Embrace*
Prodigy AutoCode*
Advocate Redi-Code
BG <75 mg/dl (4.2 mmol/l)
How Often Within 15 mg/dl of Lab Value?
100%
100%
100%
98%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
93%
100%
100%
n/a
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
n/a
How Often Within 10 mg/dl of Lab Value?
100%
99%
100%
98%
94%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
96%
100%
92%
100%
n/a
90%
100%
100%
100%
93%
67%
75%
75%
63%
85%
84%
n/a
100%
83%
100%
89%
85%
n/a
How Often Within 5 mg/dl of Lab Value?
100%
95%
81%
75%
82%
100%
86%
73%
67%
90%
67%
67%
64%
65%
85%
84%
n/a
51%
100%
85%
73%
83%
33%
11%
39%
20%
49%
61%
n/a
70%
50%
57%
68%
48%
n/a
BG 75 mg/dl (4.2 mmol/l)
How Often Within 20% of Lab Value?
100%
100%
99%
100%
100%
99%
100%
99%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
98%
100%
99%
100%
100%
99%
100%
99%
100%
98%
99%
98%
96%
96%
95%
99%
99%
96%
100%
99%
n/a
How Often Within 15% of Lab Value?
99%
99%
99%
100%
100%
98%
99%
99%
99%
100%
99%
99%
97%
99%
98%
97%
96%
98%
98%
98%
99%
96%
97%
95%
94%
90%
88%
88%
91%
95%
91%
86%
99%
96%
n/a
How Often Within 10% of Lab Value?
99%
98%
97%
97%
96%
96%
96%
95%
95%
95%
94%
94%
93%
92%
90%
90%
90%
89%
88%
88%
88%
87%
86%
79%
78%
70%
68%
63%
79%
79%
70%
69%
90%
74%
n/a
How Often Within 5% of Lab Value?
80%
75%
86%
67%
81%
78%
77%
68%
58%
70%
73%
68%
57%
68%
54%
57%
57%
62%
53%
58%
54%
62%
56%
44%
45%
38%
38%
31%
51%
44%
43%
42%
56%
40%
n/a
If Rising Very Fast
<3
<0.17
MM: Dex: LIB: n/a EVER: n/a
Add This
.25 u
.30 u
.40 u
.40 u
.45 u
.50 u
.55 u
.60 u
.65 u
.70 u
.75 u
.85 u
.95 u
1.00 u
1.10 u
1.15 u
1.25 u
1.35 u
1.50 u
1.65 u
1.85 u
2.15 u
2.50 u
3.00 u
3.40 u
3.75 u
4.15 u
4.70 u
5.00 u
5.35 u
5.75 u
6.25 u
6.80 u
7.50 u
8.35 u
9.40 u
10.70 u
12.50 u
15.00 u
If Rising Fast
2-3
0.11-0.17
MM: Dex: LIB: EVER
Add This
.15 u
.20 u
.25 u
.30 u
.30 u
.30 u
.35 u
.40 u
.40 u
.55 u
.50 u
.55 u
.65 u
.70 u
.70 u
.75 u
.85 u
.90 u
1.00 u
1.10 u
1.25 u
1.45 u
1.65 u
2.00 u
2.25 u
2.50 u
2.80 u
3.15 u
3.35 u
3.55 u
3.85 u
4.15 u
4.55 u
5.00 u
5.55 u
6.25 u
7.15 u
8.35 u
10.00 u
If Rising Moderately
1-2
0.06-0.11
MM: Dex: LIB: EVER
Add This
.10 u
.10 u
.15 u
.15 u
.15 u
.15 u
.20 u
.20 u
.20 u
.25 u
.25 u
.30 u
.30 u
.35 u
.35 u
.40 u
.40 u
.45 u
.50 u
.55 u
.60 u
.70 u
.85 u
1.00 u
1.15 u
1.25 u
1.40 u
1.55 u
1.65 u
1.80 u
1.90 u
2.10 u
2.25 u
2.50 u
2.80 u
3.10 u
3.60 u
4.15 u
5.00 u
If Stable
< 1
<0.06
MM: Dex: LIB: EVER
No Adjustment
If Falling Moderately
1-2
0.06-0.11
MM: Dex: LIB: EVER
Subtract This
.10 u
.10 u
.15 u
.15 u
.15 u
.15 u
.20 u
.20 u
.20 u
.25 u
.25 u
.30 u
.30 u
.35 u
.35 u
.40 u
.40 u
.45 u
.50 u
.55 u
.60 u
.70 u
.85 u
1.00 u
1.15 u
1.25 u
1.40 u
1.55 u
1.65 u
1.80 u
1.90 u
2.10 u
2.25 u
2.50 u
2.80 u
3.10 u
3.60 u
4.15 u
5.00 u
If Falling Fast
2-3
0.11-0.17
MM: Dex: LIB: EVER
Subtract This
.15 u
.20 u
.25 u
.30 u
.30 u
.30 u
.35 u
.40 u
.40 u
.55 u
.50 u
.55 u
.65 u
.70 u
.70 u
.75 u
.85 u
.90 u
1.00 u
1.10 u
1.25 u
1.45 u
1.65 u
2.00 u
2.25 u
2.50 u
2.80 u
3.15 u
3.35 u
3.55 u
3.85 u
4.15 u
4.55 u
5.00 u
5.55 u
6.25 u
7.15 u
8.35 u
10.00 u
If Falling Very Fast
<3
<0.17
MM: Dex: LIB: n/a EVER: n/a
Add This
.25 u
.30 u
.40 u
.40 u
.45 u
.50 u
.55 u
.60 u
.65 u
.70 u
.75 u
.85 u
.95 u
1.00 u
1.10 u
1.15 u
1.25 u
1.35 u
1.50 u
1.65 u
1.85 u
2.15 u
2.50 u
3.00 u
3.40 u
3.75 u
4.15 u
4.70 u
5.00 u
5.35 u
5.75 u
6.25 u
6.80 u
7.50 u
8.35 u
9.40 u
10.70 u
12.50 u
15.00 u
Football
Gardening
Golf
Grocery Shopping
Gymnastics
Handball
Hiking (with Pack)
Horse Riding (Gallop)
Horse Riding (Trot)
Horse Riding (Walk)
Housework
Jogging (3, 5 Miles per Hour)
Judo/Karate
Machine-Tooling
Mowing (Push Mower)
Painting (Walls)
Racquetball
Raking
Rowing
Running (12-Minute Miles)
Running (10-Minute Miles)
Running (8-Minute Miles)
Running (6-Minute Miles)
Skating (Intense)
Skating (Leisurely)
Skiing (Cross-Country)
Skiing (Downhill)
Soccer
Squash
Swimming (Fast)
Swimming (Slow)
Tennis (Doubles)
Tennis (Singles)
Volleyball
Walking (20-Minute Miles)
Walking (14-Minute Miles)
Weeding
Weight Training (Circuit)
Carbohydrate Replacement (grams)
Per 60 Minutes of Physical Activity
50 lbs (23 kg)
7-10
12-15
7-10
18-22
5-8
7-10
12-15
25-28
5-8
8-12
15-18
2-5
17-20
17-20
7-10
7-10
5-8
8-12
15-18
10-13
2-5
3-7
12-15
23-27
5-8
13-17
7-10
15-18
5-8
13-17
20-23
28-32
38-42
18-22
7-10
18-22
8-12
13-17
18-22
22-25
12-15
8-12
18-22
8-12
3-7
8-12
5-8
10-13
100 lbs (45 kg)
14-20
24-30
14-20
37-43
10-16
14-20
24-30
50-56
10-16
17-23
30-36
4-10
34-40
34-40
14-20
14-20
10-16
17-23
30-36
20-26
27-33
20-26
4-10
7-13
24-30
47-53
10-16
27-33
14-20
30-36
10-16
27-33
40-46
57-63
77-83
37-43
14-20
37-43
17-23
27-33
37-43
44-50
24-30
17-23
37-43
17-23
7-13
17-23
10-16
20-26
150 lbs (68 kg)
20-30
35-45
20-30
55-65
15-25
20-30
35-45
75-85
15-25
25-35
45-55
5-15
50-60
50-60
20-30
20-30
15-25
25-35
45-55
30-40
40-50
30-40
5-15
10-20
35-45
70-80
15-25
40-50
20-30
45-55
15-25
40-50
40-50
60-70
85-95
115-125
55-65
20-30
55-65
25-35
10-20
25-35
15-25
30-40
200 lbs (kg)
28-40
48-60
28-40
74-86
20-32
28-40
48-60
100-112
20-32
34-46
60-72
8-20
68-80
68-80
28-40
28-40
20-32
34-46
60-72
40-52
54-66
40-52
8-20
14-26
48-60
94-106
20-32
54-66
28-40
60-72
20-32
54-66
54-66
80-92
104-116
154-166
74-86
28-40
74-86
34-46
54-66
74-86
88-100
48-60
34-46
74-86
34-46
14-26
34-46
20-32
40-52
250 lbs (114 kg)
35-50
60-75
35-50
92-107
25-40
35-50
60-75
125-140
25-40
42-57
75-90
10-25
85-100
85-100
35-50
35-50
25-40
42-57
75-90
50-65
67-82
50-65
10-25
17-32
60-75
117-132
25-40
67-82
100-115
125-140
192-207
92-107
35-50
92-107
42-57
67-82
92-107
110-125
60-75
42-57
92-107
42-57
17-32
42-57
25-40
50-65
Think Like a Pancreas
Think Like a Pancreas: A Practical Guide to Managing Diabetes with Insulin
Gary Scheiner
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Table of Contents
Dedication
Foreword by Nicholas B. Argento, MD, FACE